D26 – 1.4 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD; F43.10) Criterion D – Negative Alterations in Cognitions and Mood

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD; F43.10) Criterion D – Negative Alterations in Cognitions and Mood

D. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with the traumatic event(s), as evidenced by two (or more) of the following:

1. Inability to remember important aspect(s) of the traumatic event(s) (e.g., due to dissociative amnesia and not to other factors such as head injury, alcohol, or drugs).
2. Persistent and exaggerated negative beliefs or expectations about oneself, others, or the world.
3. Persistent, distorted beliefs about the cause or consequences of the traumatic event(s) that lead the individual to blame himself/herself or others.
4. Persistent negative emotional state (e.g., fear, horror, anger, guilt, or shame).
5. Markedly diminished interest or participation in significant activities.
6. Feelings of detachment or estrangement from others.
7. Persistent inability to experience positive emotions (e.g., inability to experience happiness, satisfaction, or loving feelings).

(American Psychiatric Association, 2022)